Kulper casus şəbəkəsi
Naviqasiyaya keç
Axtarışa keç
| Kulper casus şəbəkəsi | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Yaranma tarixi | 1778 |
| Qurucusu | |
 Vikianbarda əlaqəli mediafayllar | |
Kulper casus şəbəkəsi — ABŞ İstiqlal müharibəsi zamanı fəal olan casuslar şəbəkəsi. 1778-ci ildə Nyu-Yorkun Britaniya tərəfindən işğalı zamanı mayor Bencamin Talmec və general Corc Vaşinqton tərəfindən təşkil edilmişdir. "Kulper" adı Corc Vaşinqton tərəfindən təklif edilmiş və Virciniya ştatının Kulpeper dairəsindən götürülmüşdür. Casus halqasının liderləri Abraham Vudhall və Robert Taunsend idi.[1]
İstinadlar
[redaktə | mənbəni redaktə et]- ↑ "INTEL - Culper Spy Ring". www.intel.gov. 2023-05-30 tarixində arxivləşdirilib. İstifadə tarixi: 2023-11-16.
Əlavə ədəbiyyat
[redaktə | mənbəni redaktə et]- Bakeless, John. Turncoats, Traitors & Heroes. New York: Da Capo Press, 1998. Originally published New York: J. B. Lippincott, 1959. ISBN 978-0-306-80843-2ISBN 978-0-306-80843-2.
- Baker, Mark Allen. Spies of Revolutionary Connecticut: From Benedict Arnold to Nathan Hale. Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2014. ISBN 978-1-62619-407-6ISBN 978-1-62619-407-6.
- Brady, Kevin M. Culper Spy Ring In Frank, Lisa Tendrich. An Encyclopedia of American Women at War: From the Home Front to the Battlefields. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2013. ISBN 978-1-59884-444-3ISBN 978-1-59884-444-3. p. 172.
- Ferling, John. Almost a Miracle: The American Victory in the War of Independence. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-19-538292-1ISBN 978-0-19-538292-1. (pbk.) Originally published in hard cover in 2007.
- Jones, Robert Francis. "The King of the Alley": William Duer, Politician, Entrepreneur, and Speculator, 1768–1799. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1992. ISBN 0-87169-202-3ISBN 0-87169-202-3.
- Kahn, David. The Codebreakers: The Comprehensive History of Secret Communication from Ancient Times to the Internet. New York, Simon and Schuster, 1996. ISBN 978-1-4391-0355-5ISBN 978-1-4391-0355-5.
- Kilmeade, Brian; Yaegar, Don. George Washington's Secret Six: The Spy Ring That Save the American Revolution. Penguin. 2013. ISBN 978-1-59523-103-1.
- Knott, Stephen. Secret and Sanctioned: Covert Operations and the American Presidency. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996. ISBN 978-0-19-510098-3ISBN 978-0-19-510098-3. Retrieved May 22, 2014.
- Leckie, Robert. George Washington's War: The Saga of the American Revolution. New York: Harper Perennial, a division of HarperCollins, 1993. ISBN 978-0-06-092215-3ISBN 978-0-06-092215-3. First published 1992.
- Macmillan, Margaret Burnham. The War Governors in the American Revolution. New York: Columbia University Press, 1943. OCLC 3093783OCLC 3093783.Şablon:ISBN?[ISBN missing]
- Mahl, Tom E. Espionage's Most Wanted: The Top 10 Book of Malicious Moles, Blown Covers, and Intelligence Oddities. Potomac Books, Inc., 2003. ISBN 978-1-61234-038-8ISBN 978-1-61234-038-8. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
- Mahoney, Henry Thayer; Mahoney, Marjorie. Gallantry in Action: A Biographic Dictionary of Espionage in the American Revolutionary War. University Press of America. 1999. ISBN 978-0-7618-1479-5.
- Martin, A. J. (2015). America’s Evolution of Women and Their Roles in the Intelligence Community Arxivləşdirilib 2023-04-06 at the Wayback Machine; Journal of Strategic Security, 8(3), 99–109.
- Misencik, Paul R. The Original American Spies: Seven Covert Agents of the Revolutionary War. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2013. ISBN 978-0-7864-7794-4ISBN 978-0-7864-7794-4. p. 122.
- Naylor, Natalie A. Women in Long Island's Past: A History of Eminent Ladies and Everyday Lives. Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2012. ISBN 978-1-60949-499-5ISBN 978-1-60949-499-5. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
- Nelson, David Paul. Culper Ring in Hastedt, Glenn, P., ed. Spies, Wiretaps, and Secret Operations: A-J. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2011. ISBN 978-1-85109-807-1ISBN 978-1-85109-807-1.
- Rose, Alexander. The Spy Who Never Was: The Strange Case of John Honeyman and Revolutionary War Espionage. In CIA Studies in Intelligence Journal, June 19, 2008. Retrieved May 30, 2014.
- Rose, Alexander. Washington's Spies; the story of America's first Spy Ring. Bantam Dell. 2007. ISBN 978-0-553-38329-4.
- Schellhammer, Michael. George Washington and the Final British Campaign for the Hudson River, 1779. McFarland and Co. 2012. ISBN 978-0-7864-6807-2.
- Sharp, Arthur G. Not Your Father's Founders: An "Amended" Look at America's First Patriots. Adams Media. 2012. ISBN 978-1-4405-4011-0.
- Sternberg, Mark. "Selah Strong: Records Reveal an Overlooked Hero of the Culper Spy Ring" (PDF). New York Archives. Albany, NY: New York Archives Trust. Fall 2022. ISSN 1535-7813. March 6, 2023 tarixində arxivləşdirilib (PDF). İstifadə tarixi: March 6, 2023.
- Tallmadge, Benjamin. Memoir of Col. Benjamin Tallmadge. Thomas Holman. 1858. OCLC 15547874.
- Ward, Christopher. John Richard Alden, ed. The War of the Revolution. New York: Skyhorse Publishing, 2011. ISBN 978-1-61608-080-8ISBN 978-1-61608-080-8. Originally published Old Saybrook, CT: Konecky & Konecky, 1952.
- Weigold, Marilyn E. The Long Island Sound: A History of Its People, Places, and Environment. New York: NYU Press, 2004. ISBN 978-0-8147-9400-5ISBN 978-0-8147-9400-5.